Beckhoff CU8800-0010 Instrukcja Użytkownika Pobierz pdf (Strona 43)

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EtherCAT

Principle of operation

From an Ethernet point of view, an EtherCAT

segment is simply a single large Ethernet

device, which receives and sends Ethernet

frames. However, the device does not

contain an Ethernet controller with down-

stream microprocessor, but a large number

of EtherCAT slaves. These slaves process the

incoming telegrams directly and extract the

relevant user data, or they insert them and

transfer the telegram to the next EtherCAT

slave. The last EtherCAT slave sends the

fully processed telegram back, so that it is

returned by the ﬁ rst slave to the master as

a kind of response telegram. The telegrams

are only delayed by a few nanoseconds.

Naturally, like for any other Ethernet

device, direct communication without

switch may be established using a “cross-

over” Ethernet cable, thereby creating a

pure EtherCAT system.

Telegrams are processed directly “on

the ﬂ y”. While the telegrams (delayed by

only a few bits) are already passed on, the

slave recognizes relevant commands and

executes them accordingly.

Topology

Line, tree or star: EtherCAT supports almost

any topology. The bus or line structure

known from the ﬁ eldbuses thus also be-

comes available for Ethernet. Particularly

useful for system wiring is the combination

of lines and branches or stubs: The required

interfaces exist on the couplers; no addi-

tional switches are required. Naturally, the

classic switch-based Ethernet star topology

can also be used. Wiring ﬂ exibility is further

maximised through the choice of different

cables. Flexible and inexpensive standard

Ethernet patch cables transfer the signals

optionally in Ethernet mode (100Base-TX)

or in E-bus signal representation. The Fast

Ethernet physics enables a cable length of

100 m between two devices, the E-bus line

is intended for distances of up to 10 m.

For each cable distance, the signal

variant can be selected individually. Since

up to 65,535 devices can be connected, the

size of the network is almost unlimited.

EtherCAT components

On the hardware side, EtherCAT technol-

ogy is located in EtherCAT Terminals, for

example. The I/O system in protection class

IP 20 is based on the housing of the tried

and tested Beckhoff Bus Terminal system.

In contrast to Bus Terminals, where the

ﬁ eldbus protocol data is converted within

the Bus Coupler to the internal, ﬁ eldbus-

independent terminal bus, the EtherCAT

protocol remains fully intact down to

the individual terminal. In addition to

EtherCAT Terminals with E-bus connection,

the proven standard Bus Terminals with

K-bus connection can also be connected

via the BK1120 EtherCAT Bus Coupler.

This ensures compatibility and continuity

with the prevalent system. Existing and

future investments are protected. The

Beckhoff Servo Drives are also available

with EtherCAT interface.

EtherCAT will be integrated in further

Beckhoff components, such as the Fieldbus

Box in protection class IP 67. The Beckhoff

Industrial PCs, the Embedded PCs of the CX

series, the Control Panels with control func-

tionality, and the Ethernet PCI cards already

offer inherent EtherCAT capability.

Openness

The EtherCAT technology is not only fully

Ethernet-compatible, but also characterised

by particular openness “by design”: The

protocol tolerates other Ethernet-based

services and protocols on the same physical

network – usually even with minimum loss

of performance. Any Ethernet device can be

connected within the EtherCAT segment via

a switchport terminal without inﬂ uencing

the cycle time. Devices with ﬁ eldbus inter-

face are integrated via EtherCAT ﬁ eldbus

master terminals.

EtherCAT (Ethernet for Control Automation Technology) is the

Ethernet solution for industrial automation, characterised by

outstanding performance and particularly simple handling.

EtherCAT enables the Ethernet star topology to be replaced with

a simple line structure. Optionally, EtherCAT may also be wired

in the “classic” way using switches, in order to integrate further

Ethernet devices. The master requires no special plug-in card and

can be implemented on any existing Ethernet controller using a

very simple interface. EtherCAT is therefore also well suited to

small and medium control technology, where it will also open

up new areas of application for distributed I/Os. The extremely

high performance of the EtherCAT technology enables control

concepts that could not be realised with classic ﬁ eldbus systems.

With EtherCAT, a communication technology is available that

matches the superior computing capacity of modern Industrial

PCs.

Ethernet for Control and Automation Technology

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